On February 1, 2023, a prototype is preparing for orbital testing, and the magazine Nature addresses five of the biggest challenges for solar power in space.
Challenge One: Launch Cost
The cost of launching solar panels into space is one of the biggest challenges facing this technology. Despite advances in launch technology, the cost of launching satellites remains high. This cost includes the design and construction of satellites, placing them in orbit, and maintaining them.
Challenge Two: Power Transmission
Transmitting power from solar panels in space to the Earth presents a massive engineering challenge. This requires the development of power transmission technologies via electromagnetic waves such as lasers or microwaves. These technologies must be efficient, safe, and capable of transmitting large amounts of energy over long distances.
Challenge Three: Maintenance and Repair
Maintaining and repairing solar panels in space is a significant technical challenge. While solar panels in space are subjected to less contamination and wear compared to solar panels on Earth, they may still require periodic maintenance and repair. Advanced technologies and robots must be developed to perform maintenance and repair operations in space.
Challenge Four: Environmental Impact
The presence of solar panels in space raises concerns about environmental impact. The accumulation of numerous satellites in orbit could affect the movement of other celestial bodies and lead to an increase in space accidents. The impact of this technology on the environment must be studied and assessed, and measures should be taken to mitigate any negative effects.
Challenge Five: Law and Regulations
The space solar power technology faces legal and regulatory challenges. Current legislation may not align with the use of space for energy generation and transmission to Earth. A suitable legal and regulatory framework must be established to govern this technology and ensure its safety and effectiveness.
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