The sixteenth summit of BRICS leaders is being held in Kazan, Russia, where the leaders of member states gather to discuss ways to enhance international cooperation in various areas. This meeting comes under the slogan “Enhancing Multipolarity and Promoting Fair and Secure Global Development,” reflecting the countries’ commitment to working together to address global challenges. This article addresses a set of key points discussed in the Kazan Declaration, including the importance of strengthening relations among member states and their role in shaping a more just and balanced international system. We will also review the efforts made to ensure the effective and sustainable participation of developing countries in this dynamic global context. Let’s explore together the factors that influence cooperation among these countries and how this cooperation can contribute to achieving sustainable development and global peace.
Enhancing Multipolarity and Building a Fairer Global System
The importance of multipolarity in the international landscape is increasing with the emergence of new powers and multiple decision-making centers. The BRICS leaders’ summit in Kazan serves as a platform to discuss how to enhance cooperation among member states to face modern challenges such as food security and climate change. The participating countries emphasize the significance of adhering to international law and the principles of the United Nations Charter as a fundamental pillar for international cooperation. This comes within the framework of the need to build a multipolar global system that ensures broader participation of the world’s peoples in international decision-making.
The importance of multilateral mechanisms for comprehensive reform of the international system was reaffirmed, including the reform of the United Nations Security Council to reflect more democracy and representation. The countries also denounced the imposition of unilateral sanctions, considering them detrimental to efforts towards sustainable development and harmful to the affected populations. It is essential to emphasize the importance of enhancing the fair representation of developing countries in international bodies through new policies that strengthen their role in decisions related to trade and security.
Cooperation in Economic and Financial Fields
During the summit, leaders reviewed ways to enhance economic cooperation among BRICS countries, stressing the importance of openness and free trade. The proposal for enhancing financial cooperation through the development of an international payment system that allows members to use their local currencies in international trade was discussed. The challenges facing developing countries, including rising debt levels and their impact on economic growth, were noted. Therefore, the implementation of development plans that include alleviating debt burdens and collective approaches to debt management was proposed.
During the summit, the role of the New Development Bank, which has great potential in financing infrastructure projects and sustainable development, was acknowledged. There was a call to enhance cooperation in modern technology and industry fields, emphasizing the role of small and medium-sized enterprises in achieving economic growth. These efforts are part of the readiness to face global economic challenges and ensure the fair distribution of economic benefits among all members.
Climate Change and Sustainable Development
The BRICS leaders’ summit prioritized issues of climate change and sustainable development. The countries believe that a collective approach should be adopted to combat climate change by adopting environmentally friendly policies and promoting renewable energy. It was emphasized that developed countries must work to provide financial resources and technology to developing nations to help them transition to more sustainable economic models. The necessity of establishing effective partnerships to promote green projects was also proposed.
There was an emphasis on the importance of international agreements such as the Paris Agreement and the need for their implementation as part of global efforts to combat climate change. Additionally, there was an agreement to enhance educational programs and community initiatives aimed at raising environmental awareness and developing community skills to transition towards a smart and sustainable economy.
Security
Cooperation in Human Rights Issues
The issues of security and human rights were discussed, with countries emphasizing the principle of non-discrimination in addressing human rights issues and that each state must ensure respect for the rights of its citizens. Leaders called for enhancing the effective participation of women in all political and social avenues. This was considered a necessary step towards achieving comprehensive and justice-based development. The importance of dialogue and promoting a culture of peace was also emphasized to reduce conflicts and maintain cultural diversity.
The summit highlighted the increasing threats to international security, including terrorism. Leaders discussed the importance of information sharing and security cooperation among member states to address these threats. It was also emphasized that respecting the sovereignty of countries and their national security is a prerequisite for any international efforts to combat terrorism. Therefore, comprehensive strategies were adopted to address the security, economic, and social aspects of the complex issues affecting peoples.
Enhancing Cultural and People-to-People Cooperation
Leaders emphasized the importance of enhancing cultural and people-to-people cooperation among BRICS countries as a means to increase understanding and develop relations. They praised initiatives that promote cultural exchange, language education, and other activities that enhance the understanding of different cultures. Leaders called for the promotion of cultural events that highlight cultural diversity among nations and foster peaceful coexistence through enhanced cultural dialogue.
The summit affirmed the necessity of utilizing arts, music, and sports to promote values of cooperation and friendship among the peoples of member states. These activities not only contribute to strengthening the relations among BRICS countries but also contribute to social development and enhance the identity of peoples. The statements also highlighted the importance of youth participation in these activities as part of efforts to build a generation aware of the significance of international cooperation and understanding among different cultures.
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